Declassified in Part- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr2013/04/29 : CIA-RDP82-00047R000400140003-8 CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIAL t 1:V4 " CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY INFORMATION REPORT COUNTRY China SUBJECT People's Weather Bureau/Institute of Geophysics/ Status of Meteorology PLACE ACQUIRED DATE ACQUIRED DATE (OP LIFO) 71410 0000010? 0001010$ INPOOMATION APPOCTIMO 00f NATIONAL O tttttt OP TWO 1101710 'TATRA. WITIIIM TOO lItAN1011 OP TITLO ION iterniii 101 ANO Mt OP THA u,e. MR, At A010010. ITO AAAAA MISOION ON TOOT. LATIOM OP ITO 00MTINTO TO ON ROMP? AY AM IJOIAUTMOAITOIT NNNNNN 1$ PRONI NNNNN OY LAW. TWO AAPICOOLIOTION OP ?NIA Flail II PACTIOITIO. 1. 50X1 50X1 50X1 50X1 50X1 50X1 50X1 50X1 50X1 50X1 50X1 DISTR. ( 19 A. 5-* NO. OF PAGES .3 50X1 NO. OF ENCLS. (LISTED BELOW) SUPPLEMENT TO REPORT NO. THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION The Weather Bureau of the People's Republic of ?a 2TWT7, with headquarters in Peiping, is now ff.9547 headed:by C W Tu . Tu, a capable meteorol-ogist, studied long-range forecasting at University of London under Walker. The greatest needs of PWB are undoubtedly trained observers and instrumentation. Concerning the first need, observers are being trained in great numbers among high school students. The requirements for being an observer are much less demanding than those for being a full-fledged meteorologist, and the Communist government can probably provide the PWB with observers at a fairly fast rate. Meteorologists are pro-bably being trained on a much smaller scale at Tsing Huta University in Peiping and. at University of Nanking. The high schools, Tsing Hue and University of Nanking are probably the only sources of personnel for PWB. As for PWB's second need, that of instru-mentation, it is necessary first to consider that the science of forecasting has always been hampered in China by total lack of aerial observation equipment: and. partial lack of ground observation equipment. PWB ba now set up a section for instrument development and design.. In addition to this, the physics department at Tsing Hua manufactures barometers and probably thermo-meters, and the Institute of Geophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has almost surely started to make radiosonde equipment. Thus, if the needs of PWT for observers and equipment are not already met, they will be in a very short time. Although pure meteorology will progress more slowly, a working weather bureau will be operating efficiently very soon. The Chinese have made the:ix own thermometers and barometers in the past and are probably doing so again. The Institute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences also did, this kind of work. For a long time, of course, such instruments were imported from the UK. The greatest equipment need. is that of upper air Observation equipment - i.e. radio-sonde. The Institute of Geophysics has the option either of copying Japanese equipment, which is cheap to manufacture but not very durable, or of copyD.ng Soviet equipment the manufacture of which might cause a financial strain. in 1945 the forecasts were fair but limited by the fact that they were based only on surface Observations. That limitation, must by now have been overcome. LAsy UL.:...r a AREA 4)0003 CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIAL DISTRIBUTION X i a )t s:144 E Lei ?tipjejokye f7,-0i7-.1: is i',7?Ort is for the use within the USA of the Intellisonoe eoumouestse of tl-e Derprtsnetto or Agencies tarsi *roe. It 4e we to be ttensttsittej oyelnem wfebout th ? concurrence of the origineugt.gifice thgaosis the.Assiscaut 'Director. of !he Wiser, of Colf,ststitsts itad Diseeroluation. OLA. npriaccified in Part - Sanitized COPY Approved for Release @ 50-Yr2013/04/29 CIA-RDP82-00047R000400140003-8 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr2013/04/29 : CIA-RDP82-00047R000400140003-8 50X1 2, 50X1 50X1 50X1 50X1 50X1 50X1 50X1 50X1 50X1 50X1 50X1 50X1 CONFIDENTIAL -2-The Institute of Geophysics is now ,59547 under the direction of Dr J J an adminisfrir. After obtaining a PhD degree in Berlin, probably at Humboldt Chao Ati 171 . Chao has a solid scientific background but has now become University, Chao returned to China, where he served as professor of meteorology at Tsing Hua University in Peiping from 1937 to 1942. (During the war years he moved with the rest of the Tsing Hua faculty to Kunming.) After the war he was made head of the Institute of Meteorology of the Nationalist government, and he probably retained this position under the Communists when they renamed it the Institute of Geophysics. Chao is generally interested in theoretical rather than applied meter,rology. He likes to develop younger men, and it seems probable to me that he has assembled a bright young group around him at the Institute. In later years this may tend to make the Institute increasingly important. He probably now has over 20 young meteorologists at the Institute. As organized under the Communists, the Institute of Geophysics probably includes seismology, oceanography and mining studies, but the meteorology section is undoubtedly the major part. the seiamograph which belonged to the Institute of Meteorology is now housed in the Institute of Geophysics. only one capable seismologist in Peiping in 1945, and he may now Iv ct6t e Institute of Geophysics. This, however, is only a guess. radiosonde and numerical forecasting are the principal interests. Chao is interested in the elaborate development of a radioscnde instrument laboratory. This is really not very difficult, and the men under Chao are fully capable of carrying this out. The study of numerical forecasting is a very different matter. Although certain of their interest in this field, equally certain of their inability to get a computer. Such a study would require coordination with the scientists of another country, which of course is possible. A few points about the Chinese Academy of Sciences might be useful here. Most important of all is the fat that it is not an honorary society but an actual research organization. A member of the Academy works at the Academy. For this reason membership is not a great distinction. A man may be a leader in his scientific field and yet not be a fellow of the Academy. Before 1949 the only requirement for membershap was a PhD degree from a US or European college. 3. Tsing Hua University is now an independent technical college. it is 50X1 well known that the Communists brought all the liberal arts colleges of Peiping into one University of Peiping and then established a separate scientific college 50X1 named Tsing Huta. This is the center of meteorological training in China. President of Tsing Hua is N S Chianzlwho is a political 50X1 appointee even though he_lolds a degree from Tsing Hua. Head of the meteorology section is Prof S Z Li z) 0 a capable scientist, who was trained in Berlin, again probabrY at Humboldt. Tsing Hua now has about 6000 students, an increase in enrollment of about 11.800 since 1945. Meteorology is 50X1 placed under the general science department along with chemistry, physics, geology and geography. Scientific training is probably now more specialized, faster and less complete. 4. University of Nanking probably has.a fair to good meteorology section. Two men who very possibly may be in this section are: P H Chu and Y P Hsieh ,At. Hsieh studied at University of Chicago. 5. 50X1 CONFIDENTIAL Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr2013/04/29 : CIA-RDP82-00047R000400140003-8 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr2013/04/29 : CIA-RDP82-00047R000400140003-8 b. 50X1 50X1 CORFIDENTIAL -3-Li-Jun was a fellow of the Institute of Meteorology before World War II and served as acting director during Chu's tenure at Chekiang. During World War II he served. as head of the weather bureau. Around 1949 he moved to South China but he later returned to Peiping to continue working at the Institute of Geophysics, where he is probably a fellow. Li-Jun studied in Germany but does not have a PhD degree. His main interests are climatology and forecasting but his time has most often beer. occupied with administration. He is not a brilliant administrator. -end-LIBRARY SUELIFECT Q1 ARiZA CODES 623.4o4 1 1.. / c 6 2 3 . 4 o 4 231L 6 2 3 . 4 2 1 1 L / c 623.801 1L/C 623.403 231L 831.3 231L COFIDENTIAL Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr2013/04/29 : CIA-RDP82-00047R000400140003-8

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